how to punctuate quotes with citations
Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. If you use an exclamation point or.
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If the quotation includes citations see Section 832 of the Publication Manual.
. In a parenthetical citation you place all the information in parentheses after the quote. Providing direct quotations of less than forty words for quotes with more than forty words use block quotations. Punctuation marks such as periods and commas are placed after the citation not within the quotation marks.
In the example above you may also notice how to punctuate the source at the end of this quotationthere is no need for another full stop. Punctuation marks such as periods commas and semicolons should appear after the parenthetical citation. How To Punctuate Quotes Purdue Owl.
Punctuating with citations. If you are incorporating a quotation featuring both exposition and a characters speech into your text use double quotation marks around the quotation and single quotation marks around the characters speech that is within the quotation. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby Miss Baker upon meeting Nick Carraway makes.
The pattern is double single double quotation marks. How do you cite a quote at the end of a sentence. If there are quotation marks within a quote of less than forty words change.
You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay. You can use single inverted commas or double quotation marks to punctuate the quotation. Block quotes are identical in APA and MLA.
Provide a citation for the quotation. An APA in-text citation can be parenthetical or narrative. Precedents become settled Balkin 2011.
Double-space the block quote. Capitalize the first letter of a direct quote when the quoted material is a complete sentence. Proper Punctuation QuotesIf you start by telling who said it use a comma and then the first quotation mark.
Citation style When to block quote Chicago Quotes longer than 100 words. In displayed quotes there are typically no quote marks to interfere with the closing punctuation. There was a storm last night Paul said.
When you cite a source and you put an in-text citation at the end of your sentence the punctuation usually a period goes AFTER the final parenthesis in the citation. For guidance in proper citation format you should consult the Bluebook our bluebook page or the Cornell and Lexis-Nexis sites devoted to citation style. In a narrative citation you name the author in your sentence followed by the year and place the page number after the quote.
Punctuation marks such as periods and commas are placed after the citation not within the quotation marks. When quoting verse maintain original line breaks. Direct quotations involve incorporating another persons exact words into your own writing.
How to punctuate quotes in a sentence. Where a parenthetical citation eg in authordate style appears immediately after the quote the punctuation follows it in UK or US style. Parenthetical citations and punctuation One aspect of citation thats largely consistent across citation styles is where parenthetical citations appear in a quote.
Punctuation keeps sense on the rails Truss 2003. Place a parenthetical citation either immediately after the quotation or at the end of the sentence. Quotation If you use a complete sentence to introduce a quotation use a colon just before the quotation Rule 2.
Keep in mind that in run-in quotes the sentences terminal punctuation should appear after the parenthetical citation but in block quotes this is reversed and the parenthetical citation should appear. Punctuation always goes inside the quotation marks if it is a direct quote. If the quotation precedes the narrative citation put the page number or location information after the year and a comma.
For a narrative citation include the author and year in the sentence and then place the page number or other location information in parentheses after the quotation. Do not open a quotation and fail to close it at the end of the quoted material. In other words nest punctuation within punctuation and alternate to disambiguate.
Similar to a question mark when a quote has an exclamation mark the quotation marks should go after the exclamation point. A colon or semicolon is placed outside the quotation marks regardless of whether or not it exists. All other punctuation marks are placed outside quotation marks.
If the quotation enclosed in single marks also contains materialwhether another quotation or the title of a workthat needs to be set off with quotation marks use double quotation marks around that material. Indent each line of the block quote by ½ inch. If the sentence does have an exclamation point but the quote does not then the exclamation point goes outside of the quotation marks.
Quotation marks always come in pairs. 2 The uvula is that little organ that dangles in the back of your throat. Punctuate the quoted material with a period before the parenthetical citation with no ending punctuation after the parentheses.
Please refer to a particular referencing style for exactly how citations and sources should be written and formatted. Punctuation keeps sense on the rails Truss 2003. The final period or comma goes inside the quotation marks even if it is not a part of the quoted material unless.
Start the quotation on a new line with the entire quote indented 12 inch from the left margin while maintaining double-spacing. If the citation appears at the end of a sentence put the end punctuation after the closing parenthesis for the citation. Question marks and exclamation points should appear within the quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted passage but after the parenthetical citation if they are a part of your text.
In the United States the rule of thumb is that commas and periods always go inside the quotation marks and colons and semicolons dashes as well go outside. Punctuation of Quotations 1. Citations are governed by a number of rules that are beyond the scope of this discussion.
Just make sure you stick to the same punctuation mark and dont swap between the two. Begin the block quote on a new line. Do not enclose the direct quote in quotation marks.
You can use single inverted commas or double quotation marks to punctuate the quotation. A narrative citation typically includes the author and year before the quotations and the page numbers after the quotation. Someone says quotation If the word just before the quotation is a verb indicating someone uttering the quoted words use a comma.
Your sentence with citation should look like this. Quoting Dialogue and Text. What comes first period or quotation.
Place commas periods exclamation marks and question marks inside quotation marks. If you put the quote first and then tell who said it use a comma at the end of the sentence and then the second quotation mark. However here are a few basic rules regarding punctuation placement with citations.
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